[第二部分] SOLID Typescript 简介
I - 接口隔离原则(ISP)
**不应强迫客户端实现他们不使用的接口。**
这意味着接口应该很小并且满足实现类的需求。
例如:
❌糟糕
interface Work{ eat(): void; work(): void; } class Developer implements Work{ eat() { console.log("eat"); } work() { console.log("work"); } } class Robot implements Work{ eat() { throw new Error("eat"); // Robot does not need to inherit eat() method } work() { console.log("work"); } }
✅好
interface Workable { work(): void; } interface Eatable { eat(): void; } class Developer implements Workable, Eatable { eat() {} work(): void { } }
基于接口的强度,一个类可以实现多个接口。你应该将接口分解成更小的部分,以更好地满足你的类的需求
D——依赖倒置原则(DIP)
*
此原则鼓励使用依赖注入
例如:
❌糟糕
class BackendDeveloper { develop(){ console.log("Developing developer"); } } class FrontendDeveloper { develop(){ console.log("FrontendDeveloper"); } } class Project { backendDeveloper: BackendDeveloper; frontendDeveloper: FrontendDeveloper; constructor() { this.backendDeveloper = new BackendDeveloper(); this.frontendDeveloper = new FrontendDeveloper(); } build(){ this.backendDeveloper.develop(); this.frontendDeveloper.develop(); } }
在代码片段中,存在多个问题。但是,您能看到的最重要的问题是:
✅好
interface Developer { developer(): void } class BackendDev implements Developer { developer() { console.log("Developer Developer"); } } class FrontendDeveloper implements Developer { developer() { console.log("Developer Developer"); } } class Project { constructor(private developers: Developer[]) { } build(){ this.developers.forEach(developer => {developer.developer();}); } }
高级模块依赖于抽象(开发人员界面)。
低级模块实现抽象。
松散耦合使得扩展和维护变得容易。
添加MobileDev:
class MobileDeveloper implements Developer { develop() { console.log("Writing mobile code"); } } // Usage const developers: Developer[] = [ new BackendDeveloper(), new FrontendDeveloper(), new MobileDeveloper(), //easy to add and make it does not change in Project() ]; const project = new Project(developers); project.build();
谢谢 :)))